{"id":51475,"date":"2024-06-03T13:56:32","date_gmt":"2024-06-03T12:56:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=51475"},"modified":"2024-06-05T16:57:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T15:57:34","slug":"mexico-elects-a-climate-scientist-as-president-but-will-politics-temper-her-green-ambition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2024\/06\/03\/mexico-elects-a-climate-scientist-as-president-but-will-politics-temper-her-green-ambition\/","title":{"rendered":"Mexico elects a climate scientist as president – but will politics temper her green ambition?"},"content":{"rendered":"

On Sunday, Mexicans chose Claudia Sheinbaum as their new leader – blazing a trail not just by electing the country\u2019s first female president but also by putting a climate scientist at the helm of a major nation.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sheinbaum, an energy engineer who worked unpaid on two major reports issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), will take control of the world\u2019s 14th biggest<\/a> economy on December 1, for a term due to last until 2030.<\/span><\/p>\n

While IPCC climate scientists have been appointed as environment ministers in countries like Chile and Egypt, Climate Home was unable to identify any who have served as a national leader.<\/p>\n

As Sheinbaum courted votes across the country of 127 million grappling with a drought<\/a>, heatwave<\/a> and smog<\/a>, she promised<\/a> to invest nearly $14 billion in clean energy and boost electric buses and trains.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On beaches of Gaza<\/strong> and Tel Aviv, two tales of one heatwave<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

“We have to speed up the promotion of renewable energies,” she told<\/a> a group of Mexican businessmen in April. “We are working on the national energy plan not only through 2030, but to 2050”.<\/p>\n

Deep scepticism<\/h3>\n

But some fellow Mexican climate scientists and political analysts told Climate Home they were sceptical about whether she will deliver on her green promises.<\/span><\/p>\n

They criticised her record as mayor of Mexico City, a position she held from 2018 to 2023, and said her climate ambition would be held back by her close ties to current pro-fossil fuel President Andr\u00e9s Manuel L\u00f3pez Obrador (known as AMLO) and her ideological aversion to private-sector energy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite exit, EU<\/strong> seeks to save green reforms to energy investment treaty<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Political risk analyst Carlos Ramirez, a partner at Integralia Consultants, told Climate Home that \u201cthere is no question that her commitment to climate change is real\u201d, adding \u201cthat is a welcome shift from what we have seen so far [under the current government]\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

But, he said, \u201cthere will be L\u00f3pez Obrador ghosts haunting her \u2013 his legacy will mean that she cannot move much from what we are seeing now, and the people who surround him will be watching her closely.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

If she did opt for bigger green changes, “she would have to pay a political price for that,” he noted. “So far she has not given any evidence that she will do so.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Emissions expert<\/b><\/h3>\n

Sheinbaum grew up in Mexico City with scientists for parents<\/a>. She signed up to study physics herself, earning undergraduate and masters degrees at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).<\/span><\/p>\n

In the early 1990s, she spent four years at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, <\/span>doing a PhD<\/span><\/a> on energy emissions and environmental problems in Mexico City\u2019s transport sector before joining UNAM\u2019s staff.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rich nations meet<\/strong> $100bn climate finance goal \u2013 two years late<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Following a stint as the environment secretary of then Mexico City Mayor L\u00f3pez Obrador, she returned to UNAM and helped write the emissions reduction sections of the flagship IPCC assessment reports in <\/span>2007<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>2014<\/span><\/a>. Her research on Mexican manufacturing and cement emissions was cited and – like all IPCC authors – she worked long hours unpaid.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mexico City Mayor<\/h3>\n

Sheinbaum then went back into politics with L\u00f3pez Obrador\u2019s new left-wing party MORENA and was selected as its candidate for mayor of Mexico City in 2018, a position she held until she resigned last year in order to run for the national presidency.<\/span><\/p>\n

As mayor, she promoted <\/span>solar power<\/span><\/a>. But UNAM climate scientist Ruth Cerezo-Mota said she had seen no sign of Sheinbaum attempting to solve the city\u2019s serious air pollution problem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Another UNAM climate scientist, Xochitl Cruz N\u00fa\u00f1ez, who worked with Sheinbaum on the IPCC\u2019s fifth assessment report, told Climate Home that Sheinbaum\u2019s climate work as mayor was \u201cminimal\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Greenpeace activists protest with mariachi musicians and a cake with bicycle lanes, outside Mayor Sheinbaum’s office in March 14, 2019. (REUTERS\/Henry Romero)<\/p><\/div>\n

Cruz N\u00fa\u00f1ez criticised the city\u2019s diesel-powered bus system, water scarcity and increased urbanisation under Sheinbaum\u2019s leadership, saying it had caused \u201cuncontrolled\u201d construction in surrounding conservation areas.<\/span><\/p>\n

AMLO’s legacy<\/h3>\n

Mexico previously enjoyed a reputation as a front-runner on climate action, passing<\/a> one of the developing world\u2019s earliest climate change laws in 2012. But some of that progress was reversed during L\u00f3pez Obrador\u2019s presidency.<\/span><\/p>\n

The outgoing president dismantled climate policies and institutions and promoted energy sovereignty through domestic fossil fuel production, putting power back into the hands of state-owned companies: electricity utility CFE and oil and gas giant PEMEX.<\/span><\/p>\n

His government invested billions of dollars into oil and gas infrastructure, and blocked private investment<\/a> into renewables. Today, Mexico is one of only two G20 countries <\/span>without<\/span><\/a> a net zero emissions target and has <\/span>watered down<\/span><\/a> its 2030 emissions reduction goal.<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Sheinbaum became MORENA\u2019s candidate for the presidency <\/span>largely because of<\/span><\/a> L\u00f3pez Obrador\u2019s support for her, winning the national election on Sunday partly thanks to his track record as the country\u2019s <\/span>most popular<\/span><\/a> modern president.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Lopez Obrador and Sheinbaum before a manifesto presentation on November 20, 2017. (REUTERS\/Henry Romero)<\/p><\/div>\n

Political analyst Ramirez said Sheinbaum\u2019s political alignment with L\u00f3pez Obrador hinders the chances of her pursuing more ambitious climate action.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSheinbaum is speaking loudly about bringing renewables back into the system but at the same time \u2013 and here is where the problems begin \u2013 she wants to give continuity to the energy policy of L\u00f3pez Obrador,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cShe has a strong ideological view that [state-owned] CFE and PEMEX should lead the energy transition,\u201d he added. \u201cThis is a contradiction. I think it will be a very slow process and eventually fail.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Cruz N\u00fa\u00f1ez noted that Sheinbaum intends to maintain state stewardship over oil and electricity, while mobilising public resources for renewables, but questioned whether this alone could work. \u201cMy opinion is that private investment is required if renewable energy is to be introduced at the level needed for Mexico to fulfill its promises under the Paris Agreement,\u201d she added.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite her alliance with AMLO, Sheinbaum has disagreed with him in the past. During the Covid-19 pandemic, for example, she promoted<\/a> mask-wearing, testing and vaccinations in Mexico City while the president played down<\/a> the risks.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cruz N\u00fa\u00f1ez expressed hope that, having won the election, Sheinbaum will take advantage of her new independence from L\u00f3pez Obrador to establish a clear programme for cutting Mexico’s emissions and adapting to climate change.<\/p>\n

\u201cI believe she knows enough about climate change and the need to solve it,\u201d she added.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

(Reporting by Daisy Clague, editing by Joe Lo and Megan Rowling)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Incoming president Claudia Sheinbaum will need to break with the fossil fuel-friendly policies of close ally AMLO to drive forward climate action, analysts say","protected":false},"author":223,"featured_media":51486,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4256],"tags":[],"coauthors":[5176],"class_list":["post-51475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-central-america","type-analysis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMexico elects Claudia Sheinbaum, a climate scientist, as president<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Incoming president Claudia Sheinbaum will need to break with the fossil fuel-friendly policies of close ally AMLO, analysts say\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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