{"id":49583,"date":"2023-11-29T10:22:23","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T10:22:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=49583"},"modified":"2023-12-01T17:09:45","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T17:09:45","slug":"seven-things-to-watch-out-for-in-world-leader-speeches-at-cop28","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/29\/seven-things-to-watch-out-for-in-world-leader-speeches-at-cop28\/","title":{"rendered":"Seven things to watch out for in world leader speeches at Cop28"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>It has become a tradition for world leaders to kick off the annual UN climate conference by telling each other and the world what they&#8217;re doing to tackle climate change.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This year, some big hitters like the US&#8217;s Joe Biden and China&#8217;s Xi Jinping will stay away. Other influential leaders including Narendra Modi, Emmanuel Macron, Mohamed bin Salman, Mia Mottley, William Ruto and Lula Da Silva are due to attend.<\/p>\n<p>World leader speeches at Cop28 are a chance to show off ambitious policies, bear witness to climate impacts, pledge funding and point fingers. Here are seven things to watch out for.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1. Fossil fuel phase-out<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A broad coalition of nations is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/24\/the-inevitable-fossil-fuel-fight-set-to-dominate-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calling for a phase out<\/a>, or at least phase down, of fossil fuels. They will face resistance from countries that rely on fossil fuels to generate revenue and keep their people content.<\/p>\n<p>Any deal on a fossil fuel phase out will be struck by negotiators in closed meeting rooms towards the end of Cop28 in two weeks time.<\/p>\n<p>But we will get a good sense of the strength of resistance from the first two speeches on Friday &#8211; that of UAE&#8217;s Mohamed Bin Zayed and Saudi Arabia&#8217;s Mohammed bin Salman.<\/p>\n<p>Its not just Gulf petrostates that defend fossil fuels though. Several African leaders in particular want to exploit their fossil fuel reserves, they say, to bring wealth and electricity to their people.<\/p>\n<p>Senegal&#8217;s Macky Sall and the Democratic Republic of Congo&#8217;s Felix Tshisekedi are among them. They may use their speeches to ask why they shouldn&#8217;t pump for new oil and gas when the likes of the US and Canada plan to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/22\/in-numbers-the-state-of-the-climate-ahead-of-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">increase production<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2. Tales from the frontline<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After a year that had climate scientists reaching for the thesaurus to <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ed_hawkins\/status\/1709825752705753105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">describe their shock<\/a> at global temperature spikes, leaders will share how climate disasters hit their people.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In Libya,\u00a0<span data-contrast=\"auto\">extreme rainfall overwhelmed decrepit dams and washed away much of the city of Derna in September.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/27\/leaks-reveal-how-mckinsey-drives-african-climate-agenda\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Leaks reveal<\/strong> how McKinsey drives African climate agenda<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Leaders from <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/human-induced-climate-change-compounded-by-socio-economic-water-stressors-increased-severity-of-drought-in-syria-iraq-and-iran\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Iraq<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/human-induced-climate-change-increased-drought-severity-in-southern-horn-of-africa\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">East African<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> nations may tell of extreme drought while South American leaders could address their weird winter heatwave.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Then there are the slow, creeping climate impacts. In the Pacific, rising seas and intensifying storms are eroding narrow atolls, while expanding desert eats into the fertile land of northern Africa and mountain glaciers retreat.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>3. Start-up cash for a loss and damage fund<\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Negotiators are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/07\/world-bank-to-initially-host-loss-and-damage-fund-under-draft-deal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set to agree<\/a> at Cop28 on how to set up a global loss and damage fund for victims of the climate crisis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A handful of pledges are expected from the EU and others to get it started. Don&#8217;t get too excited: we&#8217;re talking in the region of $0.5-1 billion, not the $100bn a year developing countries ultimately want to see flowing through the fund.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/24\/the-inevitable-fossil-fuel-fight-set-to-dominate-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The \u2018inevitable\u2019<\/strong> fossil fuel fight set to dominate Cop28<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Avinash Persaud, climate adviser to Barbados&#8217; prime minister, told Climate Home that amounts like that should not be dismissed.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cCountries can\u2019t pull billions out of a hat,\u201d he said, \u201cbecause you have to budget in advance.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Climate Action Network&#8217;s Harjeet Singh took a stronger line. &#8220;Recovery costs are soaring into the billions,&#8221; he said, &#8220;far exceeding the expected pledges of a few hundred million.&#8221;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">4. Green Climate Fund pledges<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The UN\u2019s flagship climate fund held its four-yearly fundraising round in October. Pledges from wealthy countries <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/10\/05\/green-climate-fund-ambition-at-risk-after-disappointing-pledges\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">totalled a disappointing $9.3bn<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 less than last time in 2019.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">That\u2019s left the fund\u2019s secretariat looking to have to scale back ambition \u2013 help fewer farmers adapt to climate change, conserve less forest, protect fewer countries with early warning systems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A few late pledges could improve its fortunes. Italy, Sweden and Switzerland have yet to announce contributions. Their leaders are attending.<\/p>\n<p>The US and Australia are not sending leaders but could announce funds elsewhere. B<span data-contrast=\"auto\">oth now claim to be climate leaders. This is the time to prove it with cash.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/22\/in-numbers-the-state-of-the-climate-ahead-of-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>In numbers:<\/strong> The state of the climate ahead of Cop28<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">5. Bridgetown developments<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Two years ago, Barbados\u2019 prime minister Mia Mottley <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2022\/09\/23\/mia-mottley-builds-global-coalition-to-make-financial-system-fit-for-climate-action\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">got some influential allies together<\/a> in her capital city Bridgetown to plot how to transform the global financial system to make it work for climate.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Since then, her speeches have become must-watch verdicts on how that mission is going and where it should go next. We\u2019re expecting her to call for more ambition in reforming banks like the World Bank so that they spend more on climate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Her speeches often include innovative ideas. Last year, she suggested that oil companies should pay for climate damages. With Barbados\u2019 support, France and Kenya <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/16\/france-kenya-set-to-launch-cop28-coalition-for-global-taxes-to-fund-climate-action\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have set up<\/a> a task force to look into making that happen, which Emmanuel Macron and William Ruto are likely to promote. So what Mottley proposes this year is worth watching.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">6. Coal-to-clean updates<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Two years ago in Glasgow, the concept of a Just Energy Transition Partnership <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/11\/04\/south-africa-8-5bn-finance-package-offers-model-ending-reliance-coal\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">was launched<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The idea was for rich countries to financially help coal-reliant emerging economies switch to renewables.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">South Africa piloted the idea, while agreements with Indonesia and Vietnam came next. All have been plagued by arguments over the pace of change and the nature of finance.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">President Cyril Ramaphosa will give an update on South Africa&#8217;s package on Friday. The most advanced of the partnerships, it nonetheless faces political challenges.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/22\/fearing-repression-in-dubai-non-binary-people-stay-away-from-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Fearing repression<\/strong> in Dubai, non-binary people stay away from Cop28<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Vietnam is due to announce its investment plan at Cop28. Prime minister Chinh Pham Minh will no doubt talk it up, without mentioning that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/09\/28\/vietnamese-climate-activist-jailed-in-unjust-government-crackdown\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">he\u2019s jailed<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> several environmental campaigners.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The words of Indonesian president Joko Widodo could be interesting as, ahead of February\u2019s elections, he could air his complaints about rich countries&#8217; insistence on mainly loans not grants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">With India <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/09\/13\/why-india-is-rebuffing-a-coal-to-clean-deal-with-rich-nations\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">uninterested<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, there are no more in the immediate pipeline but plenty of leaders will emphasise the volume of investment needed to support clean development.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>7. Bids to host Cop29<\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Two years ago, we already knew that we\u2019d be in the United Arab Emirates for Cop28. Similarly, we already know that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/30\/amazon-gateway-city-belem-will-host-cop30-climate-talks\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Cop30 will be in Bel\u00e9m<\/span><\/a> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">in Brazil in two years time.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But we don\u2019t know where we\u2019ll be this time next year. It\u2019s up to the UN\u2019s Eastern Europe group to decide. Various EU states have offered but Russia has vetoed them because of EU support for Ukraine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Russia supports Azerbaijan\u2019s candidacy but Armenia, which is at war with Azerbaijan, opposes that and wants to host itself \u2013 which Azerbaijan opposes right back.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/11\/23\/meet-the-italian-fugitive-advising-emirati-start-up-blue-carbon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Meet the Italian<\/strong> fugitive advising Emirati start-up Blue Carbon<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The various potential hosts could use their speeches to make their case.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"> I<\/span>f there&#8217;s no agreement the default is for the UAE to keep the presidency with the physical conference held at the UN climate headquarters in Bonn, Germany.<\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For Cop31, contenders include Australia, whose leader is not on the speaker list, and Turkiye whose president Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan will speak on Friday.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Leaders including Narendra Modi, Rishi Sunak, Emmanuel Macron and Lula will share their climate plans in Dubai on Friday and Saturday","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":49584,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4951,1483],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4545],"class_list":["post-49583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cop28","category-un-climate-talks","type-analysis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>World leader speeches at Cop28: Seven things to watch out for<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leaders including Narendra Modi, Rishi Sunak, Emmanuel Macron and Lula will share their climate plans in Dubai on Friday and Saturday\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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