{"id":49076,"date":"2023-08-21T15:23:47","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T14:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=49076"},"modified":"2023-08-21T15:23:47","modified_gmt":"2023-08-21T14:23:47","slug":"ecuador-amazon-oil-gas-fossil-fuels-referendum-vote","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/21\/ecuador-amazon-oil-gas-fossil-fuels-referendum-vote\/","title":{"rendered":"Ecuadorians reject Amazon oil drilling in historic referendum"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Citizens of Ecuador voted against extracting oil from large reserves found within a national park in the Amazon rainforest in a historic referendum.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/07\/10\/oil-amazon-vote-referendum-yasuni-fossil-fuels-ecuador\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first-of-its-kind<\/a> poll, 59% of voters <a href=\"https:\/\/elecciones2023.cne.gob.ec\/Consultas\/yasuni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decided<\/a> to keep oil in the ground in the Yasun\u00ed National Park, one of the largest biodiversity hotspots on the planet and home to indigenous people in voluntary isolation.<\/p>\n<p>Following Sunday&#8217;s result, Ecuador&#8217;s state-0wned oil company, Petroecuador, has roughly a year to halt its operations in an area that currently <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bnamericas.com\/es\/noticias\/el-bloque-43--itt-en-orellana-alcanzo-una-produccion-de-57466-barriles-de-petroleo-diarios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">produces<\/a> more than 55,000 barrels of crude oil a day.<\/p>\n<p>Yasunidos, the environmental group behind the referendum, has described the result as &#8220;a historic victory for Ecuador and for the planet&#8221; in a tweet.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">\u00a1Hoy hicimos historia!<\/p>\n<p>Esta consulta, nacida desde la ciudadan\u00eda, demuestra el mayor consenso nacional en Ecuador. Es la primera vez que un pa\u00eds decide defender la vida y dejar el petr\u00f3leo bajo tierra.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a1Es una victoria hist\u00f3rica para Ecuador y para el planeta!<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/S%C3%8DalYasun%C3%AD?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#S\u00cdalYasun\u00ed<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/RBvHzkozxp\">pic.twitter.com\/RBvHzkozxp<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; YASunidos (@Yasunidos) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Yasunidos\/status\/1693491469896622583?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 21, 2023<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Their success marks the end of a decade-long battle with the government which argued such an outcome would have &#8220;catastrophic&#8221; effects on the economy.<\/p>\n<p>Crude oil remains Ecuador&#8217;s biggest export, but its contribution to the country&#8217;s gross domestic product <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/international\/content\/analysis\/countries_long\/Ecuador\/Ecuador.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">declined<\/a> by nearly a third between 2011 and 2021.<\/p>\n<p>The referendum was held during the first round of the country&#8217;s presidential election, in which leftist candidate Luisa Gonz\u00e1lez took the lead and headed to a second round against centrist Daniel Noboa.<\/p>\n<p>Residents of Quito, Ecuador&#8217;s capital, also voted on whether to keep mining activities in the Choc\u00f3 Andino reserve, another biodiversity hotspot located 40km from the city. 69% of voters rejected mining in this area, which is rich in gold and copper.<\/p>\n<h3>A long fight<\/h3>\n<p>For decades, Yasun\u00ed has been threatened by extractive industries. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/maaproject.org\/es\/\">reports from the Andean Amazon Monitoring<\/a> Project, at least 689 hectares have been deforested in the Yasun\u00ed, most of it, by the oil industry. Experts warn that tree loss, alongside frequent oil spills, threatens the unique biodiversity of the Amazon.<\/p>\n<p>On Sunday voters were asked specifically about the Ishpingo-Tambococha-Tiputini (ITT) oil project, also known as Block 43, located on the eastern edge of the park.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/d\/u\/0\/embed?mid=1x4SkcRa4k6RshZd6_CqyPK_Gn1ntrHE&amp;ehbc=2E312F&amp;noprof=1\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Efforts to keep Yasun\u00ed oil in the ground date back to 2007 when then-president Rafael Correa appealed to wealthy countries for $3.6 billion in exchange for not going ahead with drilling in the area.<\/p>\n<p>But six years later, as international donors failed to deliver the money required to offset lost revenue, Correa scrapped the initiative and gave the green light to oil operations in the Amazon rainforest.<\/p>\n<h3>Economic argument<\/h3>\n<p>In the same year, activists from Yasunidos began campaigning for a public vote. They quickly collected over 750,000 signatures &#8211; many more than the number required to trigger a referendum &#8211; but the Correa administration voided half of them. Following an extensive legal process, Ecuador&#8217;s top court ruled last May to include the vote in the upcoming presidential election.<\/p>\n<p>While the battle raged on, drilling in the Yasun\u00ed went underway. In 2016 Petroecuador began extracting crude from Block 43, which now contributes to around 12% of the country&#8217;s oil output.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_49077\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?attachment_id=49077\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-49077\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-49077\" class=\"wp-image-49077 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/S2L2A-1069102292100705-timelapse.gif\" alt=\"Ecuador rejects oil drilling in the Amazon rainforest in historic vote\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-49077\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite images show the development of oil production facilities in the Yasun\u00ed National Park since drilling began in 2016<\/p><\/div>\n<p>During the referendum campaign Ecuador&#8217;s outgoing administration argued that an oil drilling ban would have catastrophic consequences for the country&#8217;s economy. Fernando Santos, the then-energy minister, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/energy\/ecuador-oil-vote-could-mean-loss-12-bln-says-minister-2023-06-20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said<\/a> Ecuador would lose $1.2 billion in income per year if the proposal was successful.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on indigenous communities<\/h3>\n<p>But the indigenous populations in the area have been raising severe concerns over how the industry has changed their way of life.<\/p>\n<p>Speaking to Climate Home News ahead of the vote, Norma Nenquimo, an indigenous leader from the Amazon, equated oil drilling in Yasun\u00ed to &#8220;an invasion&#8221;.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/17\/beijing-floods-airport-shut-down\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Devastating Beijing floods<\/strong> test China\u2019s \u2018sponge cities\u2019<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;They don&#8217;t talk about the environmental impact, only about the profit,&#8221; she added. &#8220;We depend on this land. We don&#8217;t depend on anyone else to help us.\u00a0A place with biodiversity is like a human heart. A person cannot live without a heart.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Experts also saw the referendum as an opportunity to redefine Ecuador&#8217;s economic model, less dependent on dwindling oil reserves. A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/333721814_Future_oil_extraction_in_Ecuador_using_a_Hubbert_approach\">2019 study<\/a> by the Geological and Energetic Research Institute, a public research institution in Ecuador, estimated that by 2029, \u201coil could no longer be the main source of income\u201d in the country.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/16\/indonesia-jetp-green-plan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Indonesia delays<\/strong> $20bn green plan, after split with rich nations on grants and new coal plants<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Luis Su\u00e1rez, Executive Director at Conservation International Ecuador, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/07\/10\/oil-amazon-vote-referendum-yasuni-fossil-fuels-ecuador\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told<\/a> Climate Home News last month that the country could move towards tourism and developing a &#8220;bioeconomy&#8221;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Around 60% of voters said oil reserves in the Yasun\u00ed National Park should be left in the ground in binding vote","protected":false},"author":98,"featured_media":49080,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4228,598,4372],"tags":[2337],"coauthors":[4974],"class_list":["post-49076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-justice","category-fossil-fuels","category-indigenous-peoples","tag-ecuador","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ecuador rejects oil drilling in the Amazon rainforest in historic vote<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ecuador rejected oil drilling in the Yasun\u00ed National Park, 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