{"id":49023,"date":"2023-08-09T03:30:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T02:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/?p=49023"},"modified":"2023-08-09T12:38:05","modified_gmt":"2023-08-09T11:38:05","slug":"forest-carbon-indonesia-peatland-nature-restoration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/09\/forest-carbon-indonesia-peatland-nature-restoration\/","title":{"rendered":"Indonesia falls short on peatland restoration, risking destructive fire season"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>After devastating wildfires ravaged through Indonesia\u2019s tropical peatlands in 2015 and left more than <a href=\"https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/776101467990969768\/pdf\/103668-BRI-Cost-of-Fires-Knowledge-Note-PUBLIC-ADD-NEW-SERIES-Indonesia-Sustainable-Landscapes-Knowledge-Note.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$16 billion<\/a> in damages, the country launched an ambitious plan to restore this key ecosystem. This would be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.menlhk.go.id\/uploads\/site\/post\/1664894502.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">central<\/a> to the government\u2019s climate strategy. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Eight years after, the Indonesian government <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.menlhk.go.id\/uploads\/site\/post\/1664894502.pdf\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">claims<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to have made huge progress, with as much as 3.66 million hectares of peatland declared \u201crestored\u201d in areas managed by plantation companies. But these claims are not supported by data the government has made public, an analysis by The Gecko Project has found.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The government&#8217;s statements appear to hinge on a narrow definition of \u201crestoration\u201d that deems peatlands restored when groundwater levels have been raised to 40 centimetres below the surface.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The analysis of government data indicates that even by this measure, the areas \u201crestored\u201d have never reached the figures cited in official documentation and may in fact be far lower. Many of these peats sit on land licensed to timber companies.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span aria-label=\"P\u00e1rrafo de control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The data also shows that the area of peatland that meets this 40cm threshold also fluctuates wildly as water levels rise and fall, sometimes dropping as low as half a million hectares \u2013 a fraction of the area claimed as \u201crestored\u201d by the government. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span aria-label=\"P\u00e1rrafo de control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><iframe class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/14663894\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry, known as KLHK, did not respond to written questions, or to extensive attempts to seek comment on our findings.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Environmental researchers who spoke to The Gecko Project viewed the implementation of a system to monitor peatland restoration as a positive step. But some also expressed scepticism about the government\u2019s claims of success and how it was arriving at its figures.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In the meantime, with Indonesia heading into what meteorologists predict could be an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/green\/2023\/07\/07\/el-nino-is-back-heres-what-it-means-for-extreme-weather\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">extreme<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> dry season this year, the findings suggest that large areas of peatland could be far more vulnerable to burning than the government has acknowledged.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The coming months, said David Taylor, a professor and peatland expert at the National University of Singapore, would serve as \u201ca good test\u201d of the government\u2019s claims.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_49027\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-49027\" class=\"wp-image-49027 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/excavator-peatland-indonesia.jpg\" alt=\"An excavator near a peatland near a rivel in Indonesia's rainforest. Indonesia falls short on peatland restoration as fire season looms\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08230107\/excavator-peatland-indonesia.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08230107\/excavator-peatland-indonesia-252x168.jpg 252w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08230107\/excavator-peatland-indonesia-506x337.jpg 506w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08230107\/excavator-peatland-indonesia-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-49027\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An excavator operates in peatland covered by haze from fires in a concession belonging to PT Kaswari Unggul (KU) in Sumatra, Indonesia. (Photo: Greenpeace)<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The repair job starts<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Despite covering only around three percent of the planet\u2019s land surface, peatlands store around a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/news-and-stories\/press-release\/global-assessment-reveals-huge-potential-peatlands-climate-solution\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">third<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> of all the world\u2019s soil carbon.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In Indonesia, where they cover more than <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/about:blank\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">20 million<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> hectares, peatlands have long been prone to fire during the dry season, especially during El Ni\u00f1o events. But the risks have <\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">been worsened by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-27353-x\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">draining<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> of peatlands <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to allow cultivation of oil palm and timber plantations.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The government set out to undo some of that damage by issuing a series of decrees and regulations, beginning in 2016, which aimed to rewet drained peatlands and replant vegetation.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/04\/gas-fossil-fuel-africa-ghana-debt-pollution-emissions\/\">Gas lock-in: Debt-laden Ghana gambles on LNG imports<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">According to these guidelines, success would be assessed through multiple metrics, including plant growth and keeping the groundwater level at no lower than 40cm below the surface. Some <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0341816207001130\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">research<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> has suggested that higher water levels offer better protection against fires.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A specially-established government body, now named the Peatland and Mangrove Restoration Agency, or BRGM, was given authority for overseeing peat restoration in land controlled by communities or the government.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, several <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pkgppkl.menlhk.go.id\/v0\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CORRECTIVE-ACTION-ON-PEATLAND-PROTECTION-AND-MANAGEMENT-IN-INDONESIA-06des_.pdf\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">million<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> hectares of peatland fall within land already licensed to plantation companies. <\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">KLHK<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ordered companies to restore peatlands within their concessions and report back their progress.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-49028 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/peatland-data-time-series-chart-desktop.png\" alt=\"Indonesia falls short on peatland restoration as fire season looms\" width=\"1352\" height=\"1112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08231435\/peatland-data-time-series-chart-desktop.png 1352w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08231435\/peatland-data-time-series-chart-desktop-204x168.png 204w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08231435\/peatland-data-time-series-chart-desktop-410x337.png 410w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08231435\/peatland-data-time-series-chart-desktop-768x632.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1352px) 100vw, 1352px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mission accomplished?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">According to KLHK reports, companies have made progress in restoring peatlands. The KLHK <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pkgppkl.menlhk.go.id\/v0\/en\/pemulihan-e-g-di-areal-perusahaan\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">website<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, for example, states that 3.4 million hectares of peatland within concession areas were \u201crestored\u201d between 2015 and 2019.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A more recent KLHK <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/about:blank\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">report<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> from 2022 states that \u201cas of December 2021 (peatland restoration) had reached 3.66 million hectares.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But the KLHK&#8217;s methods for assessing which peatlands are restored can be narrow, experts say, as they\u00a0appear to focus only on rewetting\u00a0lands and not on other metrics.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">While companies are required to raise peat groundwater levels to at least 40cm belowground, other phases of restoration work, such as replanting native vegetation, appear to have been sidelined, leaving \u201crewetting\u201d to be used as a proxy for restoration.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In a 2022 report, the ministry registered fewer than 6,000 hectares as having \u201cvegetation rehabilitation\u201d.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/06\/01\/deforestation-indonesia-biomass-green-finance-papua-medco-indigenous\/\">\u201cGreen\u201d finance bankrolls forest destruction in Indonesia<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A data analysis by The Gecko Project also shows that, even under the more generous approach of counting only rewetted peatlands as restored, the numbers still fall short of what the government says has been restored.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Still, KLHK has claimed that by 2019, rewetting work alone had already <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pkgppkl.menlhk.go.id\/v0\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CORRECTIVE-ACTION-ON-PEATLAND-PROTECTION-AND-MANAGEMENT-IN-INDONESIA-06des_.pdf\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">reduced<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> carbon dioxide emissions by more than 190 million tons \u2013 equivalent to the annual national emissions of the United Arab Emirates. KLHK did not respond to questions about the data supporting these calculations.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Restoration falls short?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">KLHK has not made public a list of areas deemed to be restored and did not respond to requests for this information. However, it has published the areas that have been rewetted to various levels.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Using this data, The Gecko Project identified peatlands within concession areas and compared their water levels to the 3.66 million hectares that KLHK claims have been restored.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/story\/1992018\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 4px !important; text-align: left;\"><a class=\"flourish-credit\" style=\"text-decoration: none!important;\" href=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/story\/1992018\/?utm_source=embed&amp;utm_campaign=story\/1992018\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0<\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The analysis <\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">raises doubts over the ministry\u2019s claims<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. The average area registered as rewetted to the required 40cm level has hovered around 2.7 million hectares since 2018 and has not increased over time.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At a more detailed glance, the data shows big fluctuations in the \u201crewetted\u201d area, suggesting that water levels are not being maintained on a stable basis.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For example, at the beginning of 2019, during a wet season that saw torrential floods in many parts of the country, KLHK registered that around 3.5 million hectares of peatland inside concession areas had groundwater levels at 40cm belowground or higher.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But in the middle of the 2022 dry season, the area rewetted was down to around just half a million hectares.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fire risk<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The data analysis also identified multiple \u201cdry\u201d concession areas in which water levels fell consistently below 40cm in the past year, highlighting a possibly heightened fire risk as this year\u2019s El Ni\u00f1o event progresses.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">As an example, PT Rimba Hutani Mas, a pulpwood plantation company and supplier of the major paper and pulp firm Asia Pulp &amp; Paper (APP), manages nearly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sustainability-dashboard.com\/es\/-\/pt.-rimba-hutani-mas-1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">70,000 hectares<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in South Sumatra province, the majority of which is on peatlands according to government maps.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Large sections of PT Rimba Hutani Mas\u2019s peatland had water levels below the 40cm threshold<\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> over the last year<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, KLHK data shows. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pkgppkl.menlhk.go.id\/v0\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CORRECTIVE-ACTION-ON-PEATLAND-PROTECTION-AND-MANAGEMENT-IN-INDONESIA-06des_.pdf\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">According<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to <\/span><span aria-label=\"Control de contenido de texto enriquecido\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ministry, concession holders that have groundwater at this level \u201cshould carry out field checks immediately and improve or repair water management infrastructure in the field.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_49025\" style=\"width: 2058px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-49025\" class=\"wp-image-49025 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo.jpg\" alt=\"A team of firefighters carrying a hose amid a burning forest.Indonesia falls short on peatland restoration as fire season looms.\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08225252\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08225252\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo-253x168.jpg 253w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08225252\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo-507x337.jpg 507w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08225252\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdn.climatechangenews.com\/files\/2023\/08\/08225252\/peatland-data-army-officers-extinguish-fires-photo-1536x1020.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-49025\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">In 2015, army officers and firefighters try to extinguish fires in peatland areas outside the city of Palangka Raya in Borneo&#8217;s Central Kalimantan province. Photo: (Aulia Erlangga\/CIFOR)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But the company was subject to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2015-09-26\/singapore-moves-against-indonesian-firms-over-haze\/6807258\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">legal action<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> by Singapore\u2019s National Environment Agency after evidence emerged that fires in its concession had contributed substantially to the haze of 2015. APP argued at the time that almost all the fires in its concession areas had been started outside those areas.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">APP did not respond to specific questions about water levels in this supplier\u2019s concession area. The company said it has been submitting \u201call the required data\u201d to KLHK and pointed to its <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/asiapulppaper.com\/our-sustainability-report-2022\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2022 Sustainability Report<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Job not done<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Peat researchers agree that fluctuations in water level are to be expected in peatlands, whether or not land is being managed. This complicates the use of groundwater level as a standalone measure of restoration success.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Water levels are highly dependent on external climate conditions, noted Muh Taufik, a tropical peatland researcher at IPB University. In the wet season, the water table could be at ground level or even above ground, while in the dry season it can fall to a metre or more below the surface, he said.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The topography of the land itself can influence the water table, too \u2013 valleys are more likely than slopes to remain wet. \u201cIt\u2019s very difficult to maintain the water table around 40cm,\u201d Taufik said.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Such variability reinforces some researchers\u2019 concerns about judging restoration success on the basis of water level data alone.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/08\/01\/amazon-rainforest-carbon-offsets-credits-guyana\/\">As Guyana shows, carbon offsets will not save the Amazon rainforest<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">While getting water back into dried-out peatlands is important, \u201cit\u2019s definitely not \u2018job done\u2019\u201d once the water table reaches 40cm, said Dominick Spracklen, a professor of biosphere-atmosphere interactions at the University of Leeds. Rather, he said, \u201cit is a good proxy for things moving in the right direction.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">David Taylor, from the University of Singapore, suggested that rewetting should be seen as a first step.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">While having a monitoring system for peat rewetting is a positive step, he said, it\u2019s important to take a more holistic approach to peat restoration that acknowledges the time and multiple steps involved \u2013 particularly reintroducing plants and allowing natural vegetation to grow in the absence of peat-damaging plantation activities.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"3\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Uncertain figures<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:80,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gusti, the professor at Tanjungpura University said it\u2019s \u201cvery complicated\u201d to determine whether the ministry\u2019s peatland restoration claims have been achieved or not.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Separate KLHK documents appear to acknowledge much lower success rates than claimed by officials. A 2020 report, for example, noted that, out of 280 concession areas, just 60 were found to have \u201cactually improved their performance of peatland ecosystems management.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fieldwork published in 2021 by the nonprofit Pantau Gambut concluded that \u201cmost companies\u201d had failed to implement plans to restore peat.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The implications of these failings, and the fluctuations in water levels, may become apparent in the coming months, as dry weather continues to intensify in Indonesia in the first El Ni\u00f1o year since 2019.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> By mid-June, KLHK <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kepri.antaranews.com\/berita\/159666\/empat-kabupaten-di-riau-dilanda-kebakaran-hutan\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">reported<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> that fires in 2023 had already affected more than 28,000 hectares of forest and other land.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cBig El Ni\u00f1os over the last thirty years or so have been associated with drought here in southeast Asia [and with] peatland fires,\u201d said Taylor.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Fires can burn even on pristine peatlands, he said, but if Indonesia\u2019s restoration work has been successful, it should help limit some of the damage. \u201cI think it\u2019s going to be a test of claims that have been made that these peatlands have been restored.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>This story was published in partnership with <a href=\"https:\/\/thegeckoproject.org\/\">The Gecko Project<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Data from the Indonesian government suggests efforts to restore peatlands, a key part of the country&#8217;s climate strategy, do not match government claims.","protected":false},"author":117,"featured_media":49024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1847,4262,485,4231],"tags":[9,5049],"coauthors":[5014],"class_list":["post-49023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asia","category-biodiversity","category-forests","category-land","tag-nature","tag-peatlands","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Indonesia falls short on peatland restoration as fire season looms<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Government data related to Indonesia&#039;s peatland restoration efforts, a key part of the country&#039;s climate strategy, could be falling short.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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