{"id":48833,"date":"2023-07-10T17:20:37","date_gmt":"2023-07-10T16:20:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/?p=48833"},"modified":"2023-07-11T12:10:13","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T11:10:13","slug":"oil-amazon-vote-referendum-yasuni-fossil-fuels-ecuador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/07\/10\/oil-amazon-vote-referendum-yasuni-fossil-fuels-ecuador\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Historic milestone\u2019: Ecuador nears vote to keep Amazon oil in the ground"},"content":{"rendered":"

The fate of the Yasun\u00ed rainforest, at the heart of the Ecuadorian Amazon, will be decided at the polls this August, when the South American nation votes on whether to leave large oil reserves found within Yasun\u00ed on the ground.<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is the first time that Ecuadorians will vote on an ecological issue of this magnitude. Experts consulted by Climate Home News said the referendum will define the economic model for the country\u2019s future.<\/span><\/p>\n

The environmental referendum is a first of its kind for Ecuador and, if approved by a simple majority<\/span> of Ecuadorians, would ban all new oil wells in the Yasun\u00ed park, as well as phasing out existing concessions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Norway approves oil and gas fields despite Cop fossil phase-out push<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Pedro Bermeo, spokesperson for Yasunidos, a coalition of NGOs that led the call for the vote, said the public debate around climate change is already a victory. He added the referendum is a \u201cmilestone in the history of Ecuador\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Beyond the result, we must see this as an opportunity to value what this referendum has already provoked: a national debate that has never existed before,\u201d Bermeo said.<\/span><\/p>\n

The vote is scheduled to take place on August 20. At the time of publication, there have been no public opinion polls.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vote for the rainforest<\/b><\/h3>\n

The Yasun\u00ed National Park, Ecuador\u2019s largest, hosts one of the largest biodiversity hotspots on Earth, and is the home of the Tagaeri and Taromenane people in voluntary isolation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For decades<\/span>,<\/b> Yasun\u00ed has been threatened by extractive industries, such as mining and oil. For over six years, Ecuador\u2019s State oil company, Petroecuador, has been operating in this territory.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

According to <\/span>reports from the Andean Amazon Monitoring<\/span><\/a> Project, at least 689 hectares have been deforested in the Yasun\u00ed, most of it, by the oil industry. <\/span><\/p>\n

This is the size of 1,200 American Football fields and exceeds the 300-hectare limit established after a previous referendum in 2018.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"A

Ecuador, Amazon Rainforest, Rio Napo, Near Coca, in the Yasuni National Park, on November, 14 2022. (Photo: Reuters \/ Stevens Tomas \/ ABACA)<\/p><\/div>\n

Data provided by the Ministry of Environment, shows there have been more than 1,500 oil spills in the Ecuadorian Amazon in the last decade, which means at least 12 occur every month.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts warn that both deforestation and oil spills threaten the unique biodiversity of the Amazon.<\/span><\/p>\n

Activists have called for a vote on whether to keep drilling for oil in this region but, in 2013, the country declared Yasun\u00ed as an area of national interest and began extracting crude soon after.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bermeo\u2019s <\/span>Yasunidos<\/span> proposed a referendum to nullify the declaration, but the process was blocked by <\/span>an electoral court.<\/p>\n

Threat of EU<\/strong> carbon tax prompts dubious \u201cgreen aluminium\u201d claims in Mozambique<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Climate debate<\/b><\/h3>\n

The current government says approving the referendum can have \u201ccatastrophic\u201d effects on the economy. Still, they\u2019ve claimed they won\u2019t campaign against it.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fernando Santos, Energy Minister, has said in several interviews that the country \u201cwon\u2019t gain anything by not producing [the Yasun\u00ed] ITT oil\u201d. He has also argued that removing existing infrastructure will actually have negative costs for the country.<\/span><\/p>\n

But experts claim the benefits from oil in Ecuador\u2019s Amazon could be short-lived.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

During a <\/span>hearing at the Constitutional Court<\/span><\/a>, Petroecuador\u2019s technicians explained the oil from Yasun\u00ed is low-quality \u201cextra-heavy crude\u201d, which requires high investments to process and sell.<\/span><\/p>\n

When drilling began in Yasun\u00ed, Petroecuador expected to reach a daily production of 200,000 oil barrels by 2022. However, official data shows it has remained at 55,000 \u2014 about a quarter of what was expected. Pedro Bermeo says that the \u201cfigures they [the government] are giving are false\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As a result, a <\/span>2019 study<\/span><\/a> by the Geological and Energetic Research Institute, a public research institution in Ecuador, estimated that by 2029, \u201coil could no longer be the main source of income\u201d in the country. The study called for a change in the economic model.<\/span><\/p>\n

Latin America<\/strong> leads resistance to global shipping emission tax<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

An important precedent<\/b><\/h3>\n

Luis Su\u00e1rez, Executive Director at Conservation International Ecuador, said the referendum is an opportunity to rethink the country\u2019s future, and suggested a move to tourism and bioeconomy. \u201cWhat is the country going to bet on?\u201d, he asked.<\/span><\/p>\n

Domingo Peas, Territory Coordinator for the Cuencas Sagradas Initiative and a longtime leader of the Achuar nationality, says the vote will be \u201chistoric for Ecuador and the world\u201d because \u201cit will frame strategies for the next generation\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For the indigenous nationalities living in the Amazon, including the Tagaeri and Taromenane, the referendum is a way of respecting their human rights, he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe, indigenous people, have said that we only want a dignified life\u201d, and the approval of the referendum will grant that, Peas said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Still, all experts consulted said the referendum will not stop oil production overnight. \u201cWe know these changes take time\u201d, said Peas, \u201cbut it is imperative that they occur eventually\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Experts consulted by Climate Home News suggested the vote will define Ecuador’s economic model for the future.","protected":false},"author":128,"featured_media":48834,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4262,6,598,4231],"tags":[990,4044,519],"coauthors":[5032],"class_list":["post-48833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiversity","category-energy","category-fossil-fuels","category-land","tag-amazon","tag-fossil-fuels","tag-oil","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEcuador nears "historic" vote to keep Amazon oil on the ground<\/title>\n<meta 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