{"id":48484,"date":"2023-05-05T15:48:55","date_gmt":"2023-05-05T14:48:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=48484"},"modified":"2023-05-05T15:48:55","modified_gmt":"2023-05-05T14:48:55","slug":"nations-split-over-fossil-fuels-and-carbon-capture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/05\/nations-split-over-fossil-fuels-and-carbon-capture\/","title":{"rendered":"Nations split over fossil fuels and carbon capture"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Governments are split over whether to call for a phase-out of fossil fuels and the role of carbon capture in the energy transition, as battle lines are drawn ahead of Cop28 in November.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ministers from around 40 countries gathered in Berlin this week to kick-start negotiations ahead of this year\u2019s climate summit.<\/p>\n<p>The head of Cop28, the UAE&#8217;s Sultan Al Jaber, set the tone of the discussions by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/02\/cop28-head-backs-fossil-phase-out-with-carbon-capture-caveat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">backing<\/a> the phase-out of \u201cfossil fuel emissions\u201d. The wording has been interpreted as creating a loophole. The inclusion of &#8220;emissions&#8221; leaves the door open to the continuing use of fossil fuels if their emissions are kept out of the atmosphere with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology.<\/p>\n<p>During the ensuing talks, several countries underlined the need to \u201cphase out fossil fuels as a major source of emissions\u201d, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/blob\/2595568\/5324a0a6dcaa4c989e13eb3618560c09\/230504-pcd-co-chairs-summary-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according<\/a> to an official summary. The document does not name specific representatives, but two sources with knowledge of the talks said these included the European Union, Chile, Colombia and small island nations.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/05\/europes-push-for-global-renewables-target-gains-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Europe\u2019s push<\/strong> for global renewables target gains support<\/a><\/p>\n<p>They faced opposition from other governments claiming that \u201cfossil fuels currently are the most affordable form of energy\u201d, the summary said.<\/p>\n<p>Oil-producing countries led by Saudi Arabia showed the biggest resistance to an outright phase out of fossil fuels, the two sources said.<\/p>\n<p>While taking a more moderate position, sources said the United States also failed to come out in support of that pledge, underscoring Al Jaber&#8217;s focus on &#8220;fossil fuel emissions&#8221; rather than fossil fuels.<\/p>\n<p>These governments argued this is especially true in developing countries, where the rollout of renewable energy has a \u201chigh up-front cost\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>The International Energy Agency <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/news\/renewable-power-s-growth-is-being-turbocharged-as-countries-seek-to-strengthen-energy-security\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says<\/a> utility-scale solar and onshore wind are the cheapest options for new electricity generation in a significant majority of countries worldwide.<\/p>\n<h3>Phase out battle<\/h3>\n<p>A broad coalition of nations <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2023\/03\/21\/nations-seek-compromise-on-fossil-fuel-phase-out-ahead-of-cop28\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been pushing<\/a> for an agreement to \u201cphase out fossil fuels\u201d at Cop28. They are keen to avoid a repeat of last year\u2019s climate summit in Egypt.<\/p>\n<p>An alliance of more than 80 countries <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2022\/11\/24\/late-night-fossil-fuel-fight-leaves-bitter-taste-after-cop27\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wanted<\/a> that commitment to be included in the final joint declaration. But a small group of fossil fuel-producing states like Saudi Arabia, Iran and Russia opposed the motion.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/02\/cop28-head-backs-fossil-phase-out-with-carbon-capture-caveat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Cop28 head<\/strong> backs fossil phase-out with carbon capture caveat<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Saudi Arabia\u2019s lead negotiator Albara Tawfiq told the plenary that the UN climate convention \u201cneeds to address emissions and not the origins of the emissions\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Agreements need to be signed off by every country so the language did not appear in the final text.<\/p>\n<h3>Al Jaber&#8217;s agenda<\/h3>\n<p>This week, the UAE\u2019s Cop28 head used the platform of the Petersberg Climate Dialogues to set out his agenda for the summit at the end of November.<\/p>\n<p>In the closing press conference, Sultan Al Jaber said that he sees a role for fossil fuels \u201cin the foreseeable future in helping meet global energy requirements\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>His remarks have added to some observers\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/01\/12\/uae-puts-oil-company-boss-in-charge-of-cop28-climate-talks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">concerns<\/a> over the appointment of Al Jaber, who heads the UAE\u2019s state fossil fuels giant Adnoc, alongside his Cop28 gig. Adnoc <a href=\"https:\/\/adnoc.ae\/en\/adnocgas-ipo\/the-opportunity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plans<\/a> to boost investment in oil and gas capacity over the next five years.<\/p>\n<h3>CCS loophole<\/h3>\n<p>The debate in Berlin also revolved around the role of \u201ctechnical solutions\u201d for reducing carbon emissions.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/05\/02\/cop28-boss-slams-rich-nations-dismal-100bn-finance-failure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Cop28 boss<\/strong> slams rich nations \u201cdismal\u201d $100bn finance failure<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cSome representatives saw the need to support broader deployment of carbon management technologies for existing fossil fuel facilities\u201d, the chair\u2019s summary of the talks said.<\/p>\n<p>But other governments urged caution \u201cdue to concerns about the cost, unclear timescales, potential to delay the transition, and environmental impacts\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3>International divisions<\/h3>\n<p>Last week, one European official told Climate Home that the \u201cstrongest voices\u201d in favour of CCS \u201care currently coming from fossil exporting countries\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>The official said that CCS \u201cwill play a key role\u201d in some sectors that are hard to clean up. \u201cBut for now, it\u2019s an expensive option, a luxury technology\u201d, they said, and renewables and energy efficiency \u201care the most affordable and readily available mitigation technologies\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3>CCS debate<\/h3>\n<p>CCS remains expensive and unproven at large scale.<\/p>\n<p>According to the IPCC\u2019s scientists, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/wg3\/downloads\/report\/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_SummaryForPolicymakers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stopping<\/a> a tonne of carbon dioxide with CCUS costs between $50 and $200. Replacing fossil fuels with renewables usually saves money.<\/p>\n<p>Many climate campaigners <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/news\/end-the-carbon-capture-of-climate-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have called<\/a> it a \u201cdistraction\u201d that gives fossil fuel companies a licence to keep extracting more climate-harming coal, oil and gas.<\/p>\n<p>But the IEA\u2019s head Fatih Birol disagrees, calling it \u201ccritical for ensuring our transitions to clean energy are secure and sustainable\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"An agenda-setting gathering of climate ministers saw continuing disagreement over the need for fossil fuels phase-out and the role of technology ","protected":false},"author":98,"featured_media":48487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4951,598,1483],"tags":[1607,4973,4044],"coauthors":[4974],"class_list":["post-48484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cop28","category-fossil-fuels","category-un-climate-talks","tag-carbon-capture-and-storage","tag-cop28","tag-fossil-fuels","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nations split over fossil fuels and carbon capture<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An agenda-setting gathering of climate ministers saw continuing disagreement over the need for fossil fuels phase-out and the role of technology\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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