{"id":48026,"date":"2023-02-09T17:06:40","date_gmt":"2023-02-09T17:06:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=48026"},"modified":"2023-02-09T17:06:40","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T17:06:40","slug":"switzerland-wont-follow-eu-out-of-controversial-energy-treaty-official","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2023\/02\/09\/switzerland-wont-follow-eu-out-of-controversial-energy-treaty-official\/","title":{"rendered":"Switzerland won&#8217;t follow EU out of controversial energy treaty: official"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Switzerland will not join the European Union&#8217;s proposed mass exit from a controversial energy investment protection treaty, according to the official responsible for engaging on the issue.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This week, the European Commission has proposed a joint EU exit from the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), over fears its protections for fossil fuel investments will slow down climate action.<\/p>\n<p>The United Kingdom&#8217;s government said it is &#8220;closely monitoring the situation&#8221;. The Swiss energy ministry&#8217;s Jean-Christophe Fueeg told Climate Home his country, which is not an EU member state, is not leaving.<\/p>\n<p>The Swiss position has sparked fears that fossil fuel companies will restructure their investments through Switzerland in order to keep suing governments over climate action.<\/p>\n<p>E3G campaigner Jonny Peters said: &#8220;As the EU looks set to exit the Energy Charter Treaty, there is certainly a risk of companies and law firms treaty shopping [in] Switzerland.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3>We&#8217;re not leaving<\/h3>\n<p>The Swiss energy ministry&#8217;s head of international energy affairs Jean-Christophe Fueeg told Climate Home on Thursday: &#8220;No change in Switzerland\u2019s position, especially given that the EU has not come to a position yet.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Over the last few years, Switzerland has not supported the EU&#8217;s push to remove fossil fuel protections from the ECT and did not join the EU and UK in last year <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2022\/06\/24\/eu-and-uk-will-end-investment-protection-for-fossil-fuels-in-10-years\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announcing<\/a> a phase-out of fossil fuel protections under the treaty.<\/p>\n<p>Fueeg added: &#8220;Just as food for thought: Would you think that Swiss investors, who have billions of assets in the EU (much of it in renewables), would appreciate seeing their investors&#8217; protection rights waived by a Swiss exit?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Friends of the Earth campaigner Paul De Clerck told Climate Home the treaty is &#8220;by\u00a0 no means crucial for renewable investors&#8221; and its &#8220;main goal is still the protection of fossil fuels&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h3>Race to the bottom<\/h3>\n<p>Kyla Tienhaara, who researches trade and the environment at Queen&#8217;s University in Canada, told Climate Home she was concerned that EU-based fossil fuel companies will structure their through Switzerland so that they can still be protected under ECT.<\/p>\n<p>Fueeg has previously dismissed this concern, telling Climate Home last July that &#8220;arbitration courts tend to reject claims by investors which have opportunistically relocated to file a claim&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biicl.org\/documents\/89_biicl-baker-mckenzie-corporate-restructuring-and-investment-treaty-protections-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 study<\/a> published in the British Institute for Comparative Law found that depended on the timing. While arbitrators took a dim view of restructuring after a dispute had arisen, preemptive restructuring usually worked. \u201cA majority of tribunals find they have jurisdiction despite the respondents\u2019 objections to restructuring,\u201d its authors wrote.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The concern with the ECT is that investors will restructure now that they know the EU is leaving, well in advance of specific claims,&#8221; said Tienhaara.<\/p>\n<p>Last year, US law firm Jones Day <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jonesday.com\/en\/insights\/2022\/02\/climate-change-and-investorstate-dispute-settlement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommended<\/a> fossil fuel companies restructure &#8220;to ensure they are protected by an investment treaty&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h3>What is the ECT?<\/h3>\n<p>The ECT was set up in 1991 to protect foreign investments in energy in the former Soviet Union. Its members span Europe, Turkey, Central Asia and Japan.<\/p>\n<p>The treaty protects investments in any form of energy &#8211; both fossil fuels and renewables. Fossil fuel companies have <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2020\/09\/09\/fracking-company-sues-slovenia-unreasonable-environmental-protections\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">used it<\/a> to sue governments over climate action.<\/p>\n<p>Fossil fuel companies have been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energycharter.org\/fileadmin\/ImagesMedia\/Newsletter\/Annual_Report_2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">awarded<\/a> around \u20ac500m ($538m) under the treaty while renewable investors have got about twice that amount.<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openexp.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/publication\/files\/modernisation_of_the_energy_charter_treaty_a_global_tragedy_at_a_high_cost_for_taxpayers-final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 study<\/a> by former ECT employee turned critic Yamina Saheb found that the treaty puts governments at risk of up to $1.4tn in compensation claims by 2050 from fossil fuel investors.<\/p>\n<h3>Reform attempts<\/h3>\n<p>Between 2020 and 2022, the European Union tried to persuade ECT members to allow governments to choose what energy investments they protected.<\/p>\n<p>Last June, they succeeded in convincing reluctant nations like Japan. The <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2022\/06\/24\/eu-and-uk-will-end-investment-protection-for-fossil-fuels-in-10-years\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EU and UK announced<\/a> they would end protection for new fossil fuel investments and to phase out protection for existing fossil fuel investments in ten years time.<\/p>\n<p>This was a slower phase-out than climate campaigners and some EU governments hoped for but it was a compromise between EU member states.<\/p>\n<p>At the end of last year, several big European countries <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2022\/11\/24\/energy-charter-treaty-exodus-shows-a-global-power-shift\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said they would quit<\/a> the treaty despite the reforms. The reforms were never ratified and so are unlikely to be put into effect if the EU leaves.<\/p>\n<p>Earlier this week, the European Commission said <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2023\/02\/08\/europe-proposes-mass-exit-from-energy-treaty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">it would propose<\/a> a coordinated exit from the treaty. This proposal would need the support of at least 15 EU member states.<\/p>\n<p>Anti-ECT campaigner Yamina Saheb said: &#8220;Now that the [European Commission] is campaigning for the withdrawal, it is very likely that the withdrawal will be voted [through].&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3>Sunset clause<\/h3>\n<p>The treaty\u2019s 20-year sunset clause means that fossil fuel companies from other ECT states will still be allowed to use the ECT to sue EU countries until at least 2043.<\/p>\n<p>Italy left the treaty in 2016. But last year, a British oil and gas company <a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2022\/08\/24\/british-company-forces-italy-to-pay-e190m-for-offshore-oil-ban\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">used it<\/a> to force the Italian government to pay \u20ac190m ($204m) over a decision to ban oil drilling near Italy\u2019s shoreline.<\/p>\n<p>The EU governments who are pushing to leave hope to enforce a joint agreement stopping fossil fuel companies based in the EU from suing other EU states.<\/p>\n<p>But they would need to agree such a deal with other willing treaty members to avoid future lawsuits such as from Switzerland, Japan and &#8211; if it remains a member &#8211; the United Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p>A recent paper by the European Commission&#8217;s said that non-EU ECT members have shown no interest in ending protections for their fossil fuel investments in the EU.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Experts fear that fossil fuel companies will restructure their operations through Switzerland to keep suing governments over climate action","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":48028,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,82],"tags":[4541,311],"coauthors":[4545],"class_list":["post-48026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","category-eu","tag-energy-charter-treaty","tag-switzerland","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Switzerland won&#039;t follow EU out of Energy Charter Treaty: official<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Experts fear that fossil fuel companies will restructure their operations through Switzerland to keep suing governments over climate action\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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