{"id":47097,"date":"2022-09-05T10:29:19","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T09:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/?p=47097"},"modified":"2022-09-07T14:04:42","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T13:04:42","slug":"gigantic-missed-opportunity-chile-rejects-green-constitution-faces-uncertainty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2022\/09\/05\/gigantic-missed-opportunity-chile-rejects-green-constitution-faces-uncertainty\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;Gigantic missed opportunity&#8217;: Chile rejects green constitution"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Chile rejected a new constitution on Sunday which, if accepted, would have significantly expanded environmental rights and recognised the urgency of climate action.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a referendum, the South American nation rejected the proposed constitution by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.servelelecciones.cl\/#\/votacion\/elecciones_constitucion\/global\/19001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">62% to 38% in favour<\/a>. Voting was mandatory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>As home to<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0the world\u2019s<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/featured-insights\/coronavirus-leading-through-the-crisis\/charting-the-path-to-the-next-normal\/these-countries-are-driving-lithium-production\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">largest reserves of lithium<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a key component of batteries for electric vehicles, Chile is of strategic importance in the global clean energy transition. This comes with social and environmental tradeoffs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National analysts said the rejection was a \u201cgigantic missed opportunity\u201d to regulate the mining sector in a greener and fairer way. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The result leaves Chile with fewer tools to face climate shocks, they said, such as an ongoing 13-year-long <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.latercera.com\/que-pasa\/noticia\/luego-de-13-anos-de-sequia-sera-el-racionamiento-del-agua-la-nueva-normalidad-en-chile\/WL46UWPDBREVFK75PEIKQO2STQ\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">megadrought<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the central part of the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/11094752\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt\u2019s a gigantic missed opportunity to advance in environmental ethics and a more ecological society,\u201d said former senator Guido Girardi, of the center-left Party for Democracy. Girardi added that this decision must not obstruct climate action going forward.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>President Gabriel Boric, who supported the new constitution, said in a <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Presidencia_cl\/status\/1566588901682479104\">statement<\/a> that the result was an &#8220;overwhelming message&#8221; of dissatisfaction with the proposal. He plans to push for an improved text, he said.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/07\/16\/chileans-look-new-constitution-return-water-communities\/?utm_source=Climate+Extra&amp;utm_campaign=c919ff7ffc-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2021_10_18_09_22_COPY_01&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_126c4c3fe3-c919ff7ffc-408149500\"><strong>Chileans<\/strong> look to new constitution to return water to communities<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than 15 million people were registered to cast a compulsory vote, after a two-year redrafting process. The existing constitution was written in 1980 by Augusto Pinochet\u2019s military dictatorship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chileconvencion.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Texto-CPR-2022-entregado-al-Pdte-y-publicado-en-la-web-el-4-de-julio.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed update<\/a> significantly expanded environmental rights in the country. It placed limits on the mining industry, such as a prohibition on mining near glaciers, protected areas and drought-prone regions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">declared Chile an \u201cecological\u201d state, recognized nature as a subject of rights, ordered the state to take actions against the climate crisis and abandoned the term \u201cnatural resources\u201d to use \u201cnatural common goods\u201d instead.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere is a very potent influence of the latest climate and environmental science in this text,\u201d said Chilean lawyer, Felipe Pino, from the environmental law NGO FIMA. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In contrast, the Pinochet-era text allows for extractive practices such as the privatisation of water sources and mining in sensitive areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After years of discontent, the country erupted in massive protests in 2019. In 2020, the nation voted to convene a constitutional convention, with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/07\/16\/chileans-look-new-constitution-return-water-communities\/?utm_source=Climate+Extra&amp;utm_campaign=c919ff7ffc-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2021_10_18_09_22_COPY_01&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_126c4c3fe3-c919ff7ffc-408149500\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">unprecedented participation of indigenous people, scientists and women<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disinformation <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/laderasur.com\/articulo\/mapa-constituyente-i-animales-sintieses-que-implica-y-que-no-en-el-texto-constitucional-%ef%bf%bc\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">played<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a major role leading up to the vote. Viral images circulated on WhatsApp falsely claiming the proposal would erase private healthcare and education and criminalise the consumption of meat. \u201cDebate has not centered around the actual content of the document,\u201d Pino said.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2022\/08\/10\/colombias-new-president-debt-swap-protect-amazon-rainforest\/\"><strong>Colombia\u2019s<\/strong> new president calls for debt swap to protect the Amazon<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The rejection of the constitutional draft creates a lot of uncertainty, said Pamela Poo, a political scientist from Chilean network No Sin Mujeres.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Tensions have risen in recent weeks and there could be protests supporting a new constitutional convention, both Pino and Poo said.<\/p>\n<p>In the lead-up to the vote, supporters of the &#8220;reject&#8221; movement <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elpais.com.uy\/mundo\/enfrentamientos-chile-propuesta-constitucion.html\">clashed<\/a> with backers of the new constitution in Santiago, the country&#8217;s capital. In Congress, a right-wing legislator <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/mundo\/latinoamerica\/chile-diputados-en-el-congreso-se-van-a-los-golpes-699037\">punched<\/a> the vice president of the Chamber of Deputies just days before the plebiscite.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">President Boric<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Presidencia_cl\/status\/1566588901682479104\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">invited legislators<\/a> to meet and discuss the &#8220;continuation of the constitutional process&#8221;. But the exact way this could happen is unclear.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2022\/08\/18\/brazil-climate-election-forests-fossil-fuels-lula-bolsonaro\/\"><strong>Brazil election:<\/strong> Lula challenges Bolsonaro\u2019s deforestation record, backs oil development<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">US-based bank Wells Fargo published a<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wellsfargo.bluematrix.com\/links2\/html\/997a97d5-316a-49bf-9d3d-a75104267054\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> predicting \u201ca weaker Chilean peso through the end of 2022 and over the entire course of next year\u201d, due to the high political uncertainty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Given its control over key minerals, Chile can still lead on climate action under the current constitution, said former senator Girardi. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cChile\u2019s resources, its nature belongs to the world. The country can help to face the biggest crisis in humanity\u2019s future.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chile exports most of its lithium to South Korea, China and Japan. It is also the world\u2019s top copper producer, an important metal for electrification.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/11081858\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 4px !important; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The country\u2019s mining sector has been linked with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/energy\/chilean-state-sues-bhp-antofagasta-mines-over-atacama-water-use-2022-04-08\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">water pollution<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013935122010830\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">melting of glaciers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-humanrights.org\/es\/%C3%BAltimas-noticias\/chile-informe-sobre-el-papel-del-sector-financiero-en-abusos-de-derechos-humanos-incluye-impactos-de-mina-el-soldado-de-anglo-american\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">human rights abuses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The constitutional proposal would have limited some of these issues by granting more participation rights to local communities and setting limits to mining in sensitive regions, Poo said.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cNow there are no elements to place limits and have a more balanced development between nature and economic growth.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Poo added that the Pinochet-era constitution leaves the country &#8220;totally vulnerable&#8221; to climate impacts like drought. <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWith the 80&#8217;s constitution, there is no possibility of fundamentally changing the situation,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The constitutional draft declared Chile an \u201cecological\u201d state, recognised nature as a subject of rights and ordered the state to take actions against the climate crisis","protected":false},"author":88,"featured_media":47098,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4228,2456],"tags":[2492,204],"coauthors":[4904],"class_list":["post-47097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-justice","category-south-america","tag-chile","tag-mining","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Chile 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