{"id":44681,"date":"2021-08-24T17:13:50","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T16:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=44681"},"modified":"2021-08-24T17:35:22","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T16:35:22","slug":"afghanistan-risk-famine-amid-drought-taliban-takeover","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/08\/24\/afghanistan-risk-famine-amid-drought-taliban-takeover\/","title":{"rendered":"Afghanistan at risk of hunger amid drought and Taliban takeover"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>More than 10 million Afghans are facing acute food insecurity caused by prolonged drought as the Taliban seizes control of the country.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Experts say drought and severe water shortages have compounded instability and conflict in Afghanistan for decades and are worsening a humanitarian crisis precipitated by the withdrawal of US and allied troops.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afghanistan is in the grips of its second drought in four years. Since 1950, Afghanistan\u2019s average annual temperature has increased by 1.8C, according to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/climate-security-expert-network.org\/sites\/climate-security-expert-network.com\/files\/documents\/csen_climate_fragility_factsheet_-_afghanistan.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">climate security expert network<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Heavy rainfall events have increased by between 10-25% over the past 30 years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">14 million people, around 35% of Afghanistan\u2019s population, were already facing acute food insecurity before the Taliban takeover, according to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/countries\/afghanistan\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Food Programme (WFP)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Half of all Afghan children under the age of five suffer from malnutrition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The UN\u2019s humanitarian coordinator for Afghanistan Ramiz Alakbarov told <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/un-aid-chief-afghanistan-warns-hunger-caused-by-drought-2021-08-17\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reuters <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">last week that Afghans are facing a double threat: conflict and drought. \u201cYou have a kind of combination effect of displacement caused by war and by military hostilities compounded with displacement caused by drought and by the difficult economic conditions,\u201d Alakbarov said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oli Brown, associate fellow at Chatham House, told Climate Home News that food insecurity will increase in the next few months as snow makes roads in parts of the country completely impassable. \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unless you have a working system of governance to provide a safety net before the snow comes in, people will get stuck,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afghans have found themselves caught in a vicious cycle of climate change and conflict for over 40 years. \u201cOne creates conditions for the other,\u201d said Brown. <a href=\"https:\/\/climate-security-expert-network.org\/sites\/climate-security-expert-network.org\/files\/documents\/csen_climate_fragility_risk_brief_afghanistan.pdf\">Water and land scarcity have increased community-level conflict<\/a>, poverty and instability, which in turn have driven environmental degradation and the depletion of resources.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/08\/23\/pacific-islands-call-zero-carbon-shipping-2050-citing-ipcc-report\/\"><strong>Pacific islands<\/strong> call for zero carbon shipping by 2050, citing IPCC report<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Climate change is expected to bring more frequent and intense extreme events, such as droughts and flash flooding, to the country in upcoming decades. More frequent droughts could boost the drug economy as opium poppies flourish in warm, dry climates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opium poppies are drought-resistant, easy to grow and transport, according to Brown. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhere wheat fails,\u00a0 opium poppies often survive,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIncreased opium revenues continue to fuel armed opposition groups and encourage corruption among government officials,\u201d said <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Janani Vivekananda, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a senior advisor on climate change and peacebuilding at thinktank Adelphi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www4.unfccc.int\/sites\/ndcstaging\/PublishedDocuments\/Afghanistan%20First\/INDC_AFG_20150927_FINAL.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afghanistan\u2019s climate plan<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, submitted to the UN in 2015, outlines that all the country\u2019s 34 provinces are highly vulnerable to climate impacts, including drought, heatwaves and glacial lake melts. Water stress is a major concern as 80% of the country\u2019s population relies on rainfed agriculture for their livelihoods.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/climatechangenews.com\/2021\/08\/20\/lesson-german-floods-prepare-unimaginable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>The lesson <\/strong>from\u00a0German floods: prepare for the unimaginable<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The climate plan said $2.5 billion was needed for watershed management and $4.5 billion for the restoration of irrigation systems by 2030. But investments in boosting water and climate resilience over the past decade have been insufficient, experts say.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vivekananda said that this issue is likely to be \u201ckicked into the long grass\u201d as development aid is suspended and the immediate focus shifts to humanitarian aid. \u201cIt is incredibly critical that this is not seen as a long-term issue, but rather as a priority issue for stabilising the situation now,\u201d she said.<\/span><b> \u201c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It underlies any hope of addressing the longer term humanitarian needs of the Afghanistan population.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brown said international partners, including the US, did invest in building new irrigation channels, but that it is unclear how many of these were properly maintained.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Improvements to irrigation systems in some cases increased poppy cultivation and opium production, according to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sigar.mil\/interactive-reports\/counternarcotics\/index.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report by the special inspector general for Afghanistan reconstruction (SIGAR)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2021\/08\/20\/us-guidance-development-banks-puts-gas-infrastructure-finance-question\/\"><strong>US guidance<\/strong> to development banks puts gas infrastructure finance in question<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>President Joe Biden has decided to finish evacuating US troops from Afghanistan by 31 August, an <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/world\/live-news\/afghanistan-news-taliban-refugees-08-24-21\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">administration official said on Tuesday<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In the past week since the Taliban took the capital Kabul, thousands of Afghans have fled the country, including government officials, journalists and translators for western forces. Thousands more are camped in Kabul airport hoping to get a seat on a plane.<\/p>\n<p>As western powers lose their appetite for foreign intervention, a return to Taliban rule for the country looks all but inevitable. The hardline Islamist group, which enforces a strict version of sharia law, was removed from power by US-led forces in 2001.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensuring water access and protecting people from severe climate impacts is critical to the governance of Afghanistan, said Vivekananda. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cProviding safe, predictable and regular water would be an opportunity for the Taliban to prove their legitimacy and show good governance.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt is the essential resource for agriculture, which is essential for the economy and provides the vast majority of livelihoods,\u201d said Brown. \u201cIf the Taliban care about the Afghan people, they are going to have to care about water.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"As the Taliban seizes control of Afghanistan, experts warn severe drought could worsen the humanitarian crisis triggered by an exodus of western forces","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":44683,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1847,448],"tags":[2331,38,423],"coauthors":[4555],"class_list":["post-44681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asia","category-water","tag-afghanistan","tag-agriculture","tag-conflict","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Afghanistan at risk of hunger amid drought and Taliban takeover<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As the Taliban seizes control of Afghanistan, experts warn severe drought could worsen the humanitarian crisis triggered by an exodus of western forces\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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