{"id":38826,"date":"2019-02-26T06:00:50","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T06:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=38826"},"modified":"2019-03-04T13:26:48","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T13:26:48","slug":"swiss-push-talk-geoengineering-goes-sci-fi-reality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2019\/02\/26\/swiss-push-talk-geoengineering-goes-sci-fi-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"Switzerland puts geoengineering governance on UN environment agenda"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Switzerland wants the world to talk\u00a0about if\u00a0and how to use untested technology that tampers with nature to slow climate change\u00a0&#8211; and will ask the UN&#8217;s environment arm to take the lead.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Geoengineering techniques that reflect away sun rays and suck carbon from the atmosphere have long been talked about as last-resort solutions to\u00a0stem\u00a0the worst effects of climate change.<\/p>\n<p>But as greenhouse gas emissions remain stubbornly high and geoengineering research gets underway, there is growing concern these technologies could be deployed\u00a0without\u00a0protections against their serious risks &#8211; and that\u00a0the prospect of a technofix will\u00a0be\u00a0taken\u00a0as\u00a0a licence to keep on polluting.<\/p>\n<p>To kickstart the conversation, Switzerland will introduce a resolution at the UN Environment Assembly in Kenya in mid-March, calling for an assessment of the potential methods\u00a0and governance frameworks for each one by August 2020.\u00a0It\u00a0would be an early step towards an international system for regulating the suite of technologies.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;There is a risk that geoengineering could be applied by someone without any international control, and we are very concerned about that,&#8221; Franz Perrez, head of the international affairs division at\u00a0Switzerland&#8217;s Federal Office for the Environment, told Climate Home News. &#8220;Some are already testing solar radiation management, scientific research is already going on. We cannot close our eyes anymore and say &#8216;This is only science fiction&#8217;.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The resolution is backed by Burkina Faso, Micronesia, Georgia, Lichtenstein, Mali, Mexico, Montenegro, Niger, South Korea and Senegal, according to the latest version dated 25 February.<\/p>\n<div id=\"DV-viewer-5750122-Draft-resolution-on-geoengineering-for\" class=\"DC-embed DC-embed-document DV-container\"><\/div>\n<p><script src=\"\/\/assets.documentcloud.org\/viewer\/loader.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<script>\nDV.load(\"https:\/\/www.documentcloud.org\/documents\/5750122-Draft-resolution-on-geoengineering-for.js\", {\nresponsive: true,\nheight: 300,\nsidebar: false,\ncontainer: \"#DV-viewer-5750122-Draft-resolution-on-geoengineering-for\"\n});\n<\/script><\/p>\n<p>Geoengineering\u00a0refers to\u00a0a wide range of techniques for modifying the climate system,\u00a0from planting trees to fiddling with clouds.<\/p>\n<p>Untested technologies to manage solar radiation &#8211; essentially, dim the sun &#8211;\u00a0 pose the biggest concerns. Ideas include releasing aerosol particles from airplanes to reflect sunlight away (mimicking the effects of volcanic eruptions) and spraying seawater drops into clouds to make them more reflective. But they could also change weather\u00a0patterns, disrupting agriculture and exacerbating geopolitical tensions.<\/p>\n<p>And if\u00a0this\u00a0is\u00a0not accompanied by emissions reductions, more will be needed to sustain the temperature effect &#8211; \u201cpractically forever\u201d,\u00a0Douglas MacMartin, a leading geoengineering scientist working at Cornell University and Caltech, told\u00a0a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/event\/rethinking-governance-solar-geoengineering\" target=\"_blank\">Chatham House conference<\/a> in London last week.<\/p>\n<p>Yet\u00a0with government oversight,\u00a0it may be preferable to runaway global warming.\u00a0\u201cYou would not take chemotherapy drugs just for fun, you would not sit in your car and set off your airbags just for fun,\u201d MacMartin said. \u201cThere are clearly serious challenges to solar geoengineering, but they only make sense to face in context with the challenges of climate change itself.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2017\/10\/19\/poor-country-researchers-get-help-study-geoengineering-impacts\/\"><strong>Geoengineering:<\/strong> Poor country scientists to get\u00a0support to study impacts<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Better-known options, which remove CO2 from the air, include afforestation\u00a0and combining biomass power plants with\u00a0technology\u00a0to catch and store their emissions (known as BECCS). But even simple interventions like tree-planting\u00a0may call for\u00a0international rules to ensure that emissions cuts in one place aren&#8217;t cancelled out somewhere else.<\/p>\n<p>Attention to\u00a0geoengineering is growing as the global temperature remains on course to rise by at least 3C compared to pre-industrial levels. The UN\u2019s panel of climate scientists suggested last October it would be difficult to meet the Paris Agreement\u2019s stretch limit\u00a0of 1.5C without some of these more radical techniques.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe reality is that [carbon dioxide removal] is no longer a question of whether or not [according to the UN science report]. It\u2019s which one, which technology, how much, when do you start, who pays for it,\u201d said Janos Pasztor, executive director of the Carnegie Climate Geoengineering Governance Initiative and the former UN assistant secretary-general on climate change.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut\u00a0there has been very little debate [about solar radiation management] in the circles beyond scientists\u2026 it\u2019s still looked at as esoteric, science fiction, crazy, difficult, challenging\u00a0&#8211; and all of those things apply,\u201d he told\u00a0CHN at the Chatham House conference.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Global issues need global coverage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CHN is dedicated to bringing you the best climate reporting from around the world. It\u2019s a huge job and we need your help.<\/p>\n<p>Through\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/climatehomenews\" target=\"_blank\">our Patreon account<\/a>\u00a0you can give as little or as much as you like to support our work. It\u2019s safe and easy to sign up.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>For some, however, geoengineering is so dangerous that it should be banned altogether.<\/p>\n<p>It could worsen the climate, be weaponised and exacerbate geopolitical imbalances, said Silvia Ribeiro, Latin America director at ETC Group, an organisation that looks at socioeconomic and ecological issues around new technologies. \u201cInvestments in geoengineering are already providing justifications for high greenhouse gas emitters to continue emitting and postpone real reductions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The UN has so far taken a cautious, piecemeal approach.\u00a0Th 190-plus parties to its Convention on Biological Diversity\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2016\/12\/07\/un-to-extend-freeze-on-climate-change-geoengineering\/\" target=\"_blank\">extended a moratorium<\/a> on all climate-related technologies in 2016, while\u00a0a 2013 convention on marine pollution prohibited geoengineering of the oceans. The UN&#8217;s climate change secretariat regulates global\u00a0emissions accounting, including from forestry and bioenergy.<\/p>\n<p>ETC Group worries the Swiss resolution implicitly assumes that geoengineering is acceptable and just needs international governance.<\/p>\n<p>Perrez countered that the\u00a0country wants the UN Environment Programme to assess the state of the science and the research gaps, the risks, benefits and uncertainties, the actors working on research and deployment, and how it could all be governed. Then,\u00a0he said, countries can start talking about what to allow and how.<\/p>\n<p>But the way emissions are going now, &#8220;it&#8217;s hard to say that it will not be needed&#8221;, Pasztor said, referring to\u00a0CO2 removal. &#8220;The reality is that emissions reductions alone are no longer enough, because we have already put so much carbon into the atmosphere that even if we stop today we&#8217;re still going to keep this climate change for hundreds of years.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/about-us\/republishing-our-work\/\">Republish this article<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"No longer the preserve of science fiction, climate-hacking technologies may need international oversight, say backers of draft resolution","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":32349,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3858,4233],"tags":[1417],"coauthors":[4243],"class_list":["post-38826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-policy","category-new-ideas","tag-geoengineering","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Switzerland puts geoengineering governance on UN environment agenda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"No longer the preserve of science fiction, climate-hacking technologies may need international oversight, say backers of draft resolution\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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