{"id":35681,"date":"2018-01-23T09:00:31","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T09:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=35681"},"modified":"2018-01-29T16:11:39","modified_gmt":"2018-01-29T16:11:39","slug":"forest-watchdog-calls-protection-estonias-pagan-heritage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2018\/01\/23\/forest-watchdog-calls-protection-estonias-pagan-heritage\/","title":{"rendered":"Forest watchdog calls for protection of Estonia’s pagan heritage"},"content":{"rendered":"

Estonia’s ‘sustainable timber’ could\u00a0lose its certification\u00a0over a failure to protect\u00a0sacred heritage sites, a forestry watchdog has warned.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thousands of ancient sites are at risk of logging because the government will not pay to have them mapped, according to Tiit Kaasik, board member of the country\u2019s Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).<\/p>\n

The sites have already been acknowledged under FSC International’s ‘Controlled Wood’ system and, from March 30, companies will be obliged to reflect this in a new national risk assessment scheme, he said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf the Estonian state forest management does not follow its obligations, it should not be allowed to have these FSC certificates,\u201d Kaasik told Climate Home news. “I am prepared to file a complaint against the FSC auditor, NEPCon, if pagan traditions are not respected.”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Report:<\/strong>\u00a0Logging surge threatens a quarter of Estonia\u2019s forest, warn conservationists<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Until the 1200s<\/span>, Estonia was a pagan country.\u00a0Animist spiritual beliefs still guide large sections of the population, who visit and revere <\/span>ancient burial and sacrificial<\/span> places <\/span>for healing, prayer and communion with nature.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Polls suggest<\/span><\/a> that belief in a spirit or life force is three times more popular than in “God”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe are pagan,\u201d the former Estonian prime minister, Anders Tarand, told Climate Home News: \u201cWe know a lot about managing forests. Nature protection traditions run deep here.”<\/p>\n

But commercial demand for timber was\u00a0overwhelming those customs, he added: “The impact of money streams is so strong that what can we do?”<\/p>\n

Coins are\u00a0left as offerings to the spirits\u00a0(Pic: Arthur Neslen)<\/p><\/div>\n

At <\/span>one ancient burial site<\/span><\/a> in Unipiha, 20 km south of Tartu, scores of coins have been left on a large, bulbous,\u00a0mossy rock. Thin trees obscure the sacrificial stone on one side of it, but a road and hill littered with felled timber are all too visible on the other.<\/span><\/p>\n

Walking around the rock, Tiit Kaasik’s sister-in-law, Liis Kaasik, said that she felt the loss most with her children: <\/span>\u201cI went to a sacred place with my kids and asked them not to pick any flowers or touch anything but at the same time, the whole forest was destroyed. There was this big sadness and grief inside [me], because we Estonians feel the trees crying, and the birds crying when their nests are destroyed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Folklore has it that vandals of sacred places suffer terrible fates. But Liis just told her children that the loggers \u201cmust have not known about the sites, or they were greedy and only wanted the money, and that nothing is sacred anymore.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Estonia’s state forest management authority (RMK) says it cannot give the kinds of guarantees being sought by campaigners,\u00a0partly because of the lack of mapping and partly because Estonian conservation laws only cover small areas around monuments.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe can guarantee that we won’t harvest [somewhere] if we know that it is a sacred site,\u201d said Aigar Kallas, the RMK’s chairman. \u201cIf we don’t know and there’s no historical record, we can’t do anything about it.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

A forest survey between 2008 and 2009 identified 550 sites for\u00a0the heritage list. \u201cWhether we’ve been able to map out all of them is another question,\u201d Kallas said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Report:<\/strong>\u00a0Macron urges Chinese people to \u201cmake our planet great again\u201d<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Estonia’s spiritual traditions reflect the forest’s vibrant wildlife, which is also under pressure. Threatened natural treasures include <\/span>the greater spotted eagle<\/span><\/a>, the <\/span>saproxylc beetle<\/span><\/a> and the extraordinary flying squirrel.<\/span><\/p>\n

Once endemic to Estonia, fewer more than 300 of <\/span>the mesmerising gliders<\/span><\/a> are thought to remain, confined to a small fragment of the country’s northeast. These are likely to disappear by 2020, according to studies by Jaanus Remm, a conservation biologist at Tartu University.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estonia’s authorities are taking measures to protect the last populations but the destruction of old growth forests is particularly devastating for female flying squirrels, which have a habitat range of less than 50 hectares. The fragmentation of woodland can limit genetic diversity and increase a population’s vulnerability to disease and predators.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uudo Timm, the head of the Estonian Environmental Agency’s nature department told Climate Home that while he was optimistic the species would survive beyond 2020,\u00a0its long-term outlook was poor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt is critically endangered now and the protected areas are not a network of protected areas [so much as] an archipelago,\u201d he said. \u201cThis population has decreased rapidly. It is clear that the logging and intensive forest management are one reason [for the decline].\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Report:<\/strong>\u00a0Polish police set to restrict protest and gather personal data at UN climate talks<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

A report by Estonia’s National Audit Office in 2010 censured the RMK for environmentally destructive practices and highlighted a \u201cconflict of interest\u201d between its twin obligations to log and preserve Estonia’s forests.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAs the RMK is economically dependent on felling and the income generated by sales of timber, then such a conflict of interest is a threat to the sustainable management of state forest and its ecological condition,\u201d the auditors wrote.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reducing annual logging to sustainable levels \u201cwould lead to a significant decrease in the RMK\u2019s turnover,\u201d according to the NAO. Last year, this reached \u20ac176m ($215m), with roughly half the profits transferred to state budgets and the other half reinvested in roads and other forest infrastructure projects.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere is a conflict of interest, obviously,\u201d Kallas admitted. \u201cBut since we’ve laid down the principle [that] conservation comes first in the rules we have to follow – and profit maximisation from timber production comes after that \u2013 it’s actually not that difficult.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

But nature conservation is sensitive territory in Estonia, a country in which the forest has – in living memory – sheltered <\/span>partisans<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>and <\/span>sparked revolutions<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere is a saying here that the forest is a poor man’s coat,\u201d said Asko Lohmus, a renowned local conservationist. \u201cIt has a direct climatic effect – it is a place where you can hide from bad weather \u2013 and it has also been a hiding place against enemies.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt has an existential value,\u201d he added, “and people feel this psychologically.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Estonian Forest Aid covered expenses for the author\u2019s visit to Estonia<\/em><\/p>\n

Republish this article<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A board member of Estonias Forest Stewardship Council is threatening to strip “sustainable” certification from timber felled near sacred sites","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":35684,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4125],"class_list":["post-35681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eu","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nForest watchdog calls for protection of Estonia's pagan heritage<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A board member of Estonias Forest Stewardship Council is threatening to strip "sustainable" certification from timber felled near sacred sites\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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