{"id":35655,"date":"2018-01-16T14:34:48","date_gmt":"2018-01-16T14:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/?p=35655"},"modified":"2018-01-22T17:57:57","modified_gmt":"2018-01-22T17:57:57","slug":"logging-surge-threatens-quarter-estonias-forest-warn-conservationists","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatechangenews.com\/2018\/01\/16\/logging-surge-threatens-quarter-estonias-forest-warn-conservationists\/","title":{"rendered":"Logging surge threatens a quarter of Estonia’s forest, warn conservationists"},"content":{"rendered":"

A quarter of Estonia’s forestland is at imminent risk from a major\u00a0logging increase, aided by “flexibilities” in EU rules that the Baltic state championed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

That is the warning from conservationists, as the scars of clear-cutting show commercial demand for wood is already changing the landscape.<\/p>\n

Estonia’s logging volumes have almost tripled in the past decade. The European Commission\u00a0expects Estonia’s forests to become a net carbon\u00a0source<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by 2030, rather than a sink, as they are today.<\/p>\n

Asko Lohmus, a conservation biologist at Tartu University, fears dramatic results.\u00a0\u201cI think that 25% of our forest is immediately at risk, according to the current legal regulations,\u201d he told Climate Home News.<\/p>\n

\u201cAdded to that,\u00a0[another]\u00a020% of\u00a0the\u00a0forest area is\u00a0already\u00a0clear-cut or a regenerating\u00a0thicket\u00a0less than 20 years old,\u00a0that does\u00a0not resemble\u00a0a forest.\u00a0Plus we have\u00a0an\u00a0actual forestry development\u00a0plan which promotes cutting it down in larger\u00a0volumes than would regenerate.\u201d<\/p>\n

Visiting in December, much of the\u00a0country’s interior bristles with pine, aspen, spruce and birch, which flourished\u00a0under decades of Soviet rule.\u00a0Along the highway from Tallin to Tartu, rows of trees are dimly backlit in grey-green and snowy hues by a winter sun that flatlines on the horizon.<\/p>\n

Stare too long though and shards of sunlight will blind you as they suddenly poke through holes in the green curtain. Something is changing in Estonia’s hinterland.<\/p>\n

The government is still counting some clear-cut areas as forest (Pic: Arthur Neslen)<\/p><\/div>\n

A detour through V\u00e4\u00e4tsa forest reveals thousands of tree husks strewn across copses, like victims on a battlefield. Freshly cut logs are stacked by roadsides, some next to fields full of deep ruts and gouge-marks from the use of heavy machinery.<\/p>\n

Leo Eensoo (pictured), a small forest owner,\u00a0says spruce or birch trees sell locally for around \u20ac50-60 each, depending on their height.<\/p>\n

Many elderly land owners have been persuaded to sell\u00a0whole forests,\u00a0Eensoo said, adding that he had recently turned down a financial offer from the state forest management authority to fell trees on his land.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cI said no because I see the forest changing,\u201d he told Climate Home News. \u201cIt is shrinking. They are clear-cutting too fast, in too many areas. If we don’t stop now, it might take 80 years to get the forest back.\u201d<\/p>\n

Estonia has the EU’s\u00a0second most intensively farmed forests<\/a>\u00a0(after Belgium), with logging making up 91% of forest activity. It is also the OECD’s most carbon-intensive country,\u00a0depending heavily<\/a>\u00a0on shale oil for its electricity.<\/p>\n

To\u00a0meet EU\u00a0green\u00a0targets,\u00a0the Baltic state burns\u00a0biomass for\u00a0the vast majority of its renewable energy \u2013\u00a096%\u00a0in 2012 \u2013\u00a0and\u00a0more will be needed by 2030.\u00a0A billion-euro “biorefinery”<\/a> is\u00a0due to open in 2022, churning wood into pulp for applications including power generation. This\u00a0raise<\/a>s\u00a0fears\u00a0among conservation scientists<\/a>\u00a0of a catastrophic spike in deforestation under the banner of renewable energy.<\/p>\n

Report:\u00a0<\/strong>UK government details coal power phase-out strategy<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

On Wednesday 17 January, the European Parliament votes on a proposal to ban the use of whole trees in sustainably certified biomass. Last month, 15 experts \u2013 including eight lead authors of UN climate science reports – warned<\/a> that the EU’s plans would otherwise \u201cincrease global warming for decades to centuries, even when wood replaces coal, oil or natural gas\u201d.<\/p>\n

The scientists wrote: \u201cBy 1850, the use of wood for bioenergy helped drive the near deforestation of western Europe even at a time when Europeans consumed relatively little energy. Although coal helped to save the forests of Europe, the solution is not to go back to burning forest.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Estonian government insists that its\u00a0own\u00a0forest area will not shrink as a result of the extra logging\u00a0it has planned. Inventory data in its forest development plan claims\u00a0that\u00a0its forest area and reserves have actually grown by 10% in the last eight years.<\/p>\n

\u201cOf course people have problems with clear-cutting,\u201d said Marku Lamp, the deputy chancellor of Estonia’s environment ministry. \u201cThis is something that we must address more by [explaining] what is behind those forest management practices and why we need them.<\/p>\n

The government insists though that 53% of the country is still woodland.\u00a0\u201cWe [also] have a really clear obligation for forest owners to reforest their clear-cut areas,\u201d\u00a0Lamp\u00a0added.<\/p>\n

Forest diamonds:<\/strong> the collapse of the world’s first indigenous-led carbon credits scheme<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

But\u00a0s<\/a>atellite data\u00a0shows<\/a>\u00a0that\u00a0more than 285,000 hectares (2,850 sq km) of Estonian forest\u00a0has\u00a0disappeared\u00a0since 2001\u00a0and Lohmus,\u00a0recently\u00a0voted “person of the year”<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0the\u00a0Baltics’\u00a0largest newspaper,\u00a0says that\u00a0only 43% of the country\u00a0is forest,\u00a0when clear-cut areas\u00a0are not counted.<\/p>\n

Campaigners say so-called flexibilities in EU carbon accounting rules further obscure the scale of destruction.\u00a0In the last days of its six-month EU presidency,\u00a0Estonia inserted an annex to the regulations allowing around one million extra tonnes of CO2 to be removed from its 3.07m tonne forest carbon sink by 2030.<\/p>\n

On paper, the measure is a \u201ccompensation limit\u201d to prevent nations’ emissions obligations interfering with economic growth. Hanna Aho from the NGO Fern described it as a “loophole” that \u201cundermines the Paris agreement and is simply unforgivable\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe forest sector is being allowed to increase its emissions while everyone else is being asked to reduce them,\u201d she said. \u201cForests are the best and most reliable tool we have to suck carbon from the atmosphere and cool the climate. We should be doing everything to protect them.\u201d<\/p>\n

Estonian Forest Aid covered expenses for\u00a0the author’s visit to Estonia<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Baltic state lobbied for flexibilities in EU rules to enable a dramatic increase in forestry, turning its thriving woodland into a net emitter of carbon by 2030","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":35658,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[82,485],"tags":[4211],"coauthors":[4125],"class_list":["post-35655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eu","category-forests","tag-estonia","type-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLogging surge threatens a quarter of Estonia's forest, warn conservationists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Baltic state lobbied for flexibilities in EU rules to enable a dramatic increase in forestry, turning its thriving woodland into a net 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